EdTech

i-Ready vs Amplify mCLASS

Compare i-Ready Inform with Amplify mCLASS DIBELS 8: scores, testing format, benchmarks, progress monitoring, growth and key differences.
i-Ready Inform vs Amplify mCLASS DIBELS 8 comparison showing adaptive testing, literacy measures, scores, benchmarks and growth

i-Ready and Amplify mCLASS can both help schools understand reading performance, but they collect very different evidence. i-Ready Inform—formerly i-Ready Diagnostic—is a broad computer-adaptive assessment completed by the student. Amplify mCLASS is a digital assessment and instructional platform; its primary English literacy assessment is powered by DIBELS 8th Edition and is largely administered by a trained educator who directly observes the student reading or working with sounds, letters, and words.

This educator-written i-Ready vs Amplify mCLASS guide explains the tests, scores, timing, benchmark categories, growth tools, dyslexia-screening role, and parent reports. It also separates three terms that are often incorrectly blended together: mCLASS is the platform, DIBELS 8 is the assessment, and Amplify is the digital provider.

Most important takeaway: an i-Ready scale score cannot be converted directly into an mCLASS DIBELS composite or measure score. The systems measure different constructs with different procedures and scales. A conversion table needs a validated linking study for the exact tests, grades, seasons, and populations; without it, the numbers are fabricated precision.

i-Ready vs Amplify mCLASS at a Glance

Featurei-Ready Inform ReadingAmplify mCLASS with DIBELS 8
Main purposeBroad achievement, grade-level placement, domains, percentile, and growthUniversal literacy screening, risk identification, skill analysis, and progress monitoring
GradesK–12 Reading and MathematicsK–8 English literacy; mCLASS Lectura supports Spanish literacy in K–6
Assessment modelStudent-completed computer-adaptive testBrief standardized DIBELS measures, mostly teacher-administered through the digital platform
TimingLonger benchmark session or sessionsMost DIBELS measures are 60 seconds; Maze is three minutes, plus directions and transitions
Common scheduleBeginning, middle, and end of yearBenchmark screening plus more frequent progress monitoring when indicated
Common resultsScale score, placement, percentile, domains, Typical Growth, Stretch GrowthMeasure scores, DIBELS composite, benchmark/support status, error patterns, goals, progress trend
Growth frameworkTypical Growth and Stretch GrowthAimlines, individual goals, and Zones of Growth
Primary viewpointBroad adaptive achievement estimateDirect observation of essential literacy behaviors

What Is i-Ready Inform?

i-Ready Inform is Curriculum Associates’ adaptive assessment for Reading and Mathematics in grades K–12. Families may recognize its former name, i-Ready Diagnostic. The name changes for the 2026–2027 school year, but the main role remains the same: provide broad, actionable information about what students know and where they need support.

The student works on a digital device, usually with headphones. Item difficulty changes in response to the student’s answers. Correct responses generally lead toward more challenging material, and incorrect responses help the system locate an appropriate lower difficulty range. Two students in the same class may therefore receive different questions.

The Reading report can describe performance in areas such as foundational skills, vocabulary, and comprehension. The Mathematics report covers separate math domains. Scores include a continuous scale score, grade-level placement, percentile rank, and progress toward individualized growth targets.

Schools often administer i-Ready Inform at the beginning, middle, and end of the year. Curriculum Associates’ family resources describe a beginning-of-year administration and up to two more administrations during the school year. The full test is a major benchmark, not a one-minute weekly probe. For more context on the current name, see What Is i-Ready Inform?

What Is Amplify mCLASS?

mCLASS is Amplify’s digital literacy assessment, reporting, and instructional-support system. For English literacy, the platform delivers DIBELS 8th Edition—the current University of Oregon version of the Dynamic Indicators of Basic Early Literacy Skills. Amplify describes itself as the only licensed digital provider of DIBELS 8.

This distinction matters. DIBELS 8 measures can be administered with free paper materials from the University of Oregon and recorded outside mCLASS. mCLASS adds a digital workflow: administration screens, immediate scoring support, response transcripts and error patterns, class and student reports, automatic grouping, instructional recommendations, goal-setting tools, and caregiver communication.

mCLASS is therefore more than one test, yet its headline scores usually come from DIBELS 8 measures. A report may also include Amplify’s additional measures—such as Vocabulary, Spelling, Rapid Automatized Naming, or Oral Language—depending on grade, screening requirements, and district configuration. Not every additional measure is a DIBELS composite component.

The platform supports English literacy in grades K–8. mCLASS Lectura is a separate Spanish literacy assessment for grades K–6 and can produce dual-language reporting when used with English mCLASS. Amplify also offers mCLASS Math, but that is a separate assessment product. This article focuses on mCLASS DIBELS 8 Reading because that is the comparison families most often mean.

mCLASS Is Not Simply Another Computer-Adaptive Test

i-Ready and mCLASS may both involve a screen, but the student experience is fundamentally different.

i-Ready is a computer-adaptive test. The student selects answers, and the algorithm changes item difficulty. The computer is the principal delivery mechanism for the assessment.

In mCLASS DIBELS 8, a trained educator directly observes the student. The educator follows standardized directions, listens to responses, marks what the student says or reads, and uses exact timing and scoring rules. The device supports administration, recording, scoring, and analysis; it does not turn most DIBELS tasks into self-administered multiple-choice items.

DIBELS 8 does include adaptive benchmarking rules such as gating and discontinue procedures. These rules can prevent unnecessary testing of skills that are clearly too easy or too difficult and still allow an authorized composite calculation. That is different from an item-by-item computer-adaptive test. Calling mCLASS a broad CAT can lead parents to expect the wrong testing experience and the wrong kind of score.

What Students Experience During Testing

During i-Ready Inform

The student works independently on a computer or tablet. Reading items may involve audio, words, sentences, passages, and different response formats. Some questions are intentionally beyond the student’s current skill range because the adaptive system needs successful and unsuccessful responses to estimate performance.

Students should work carefully without content help. Rushing, random clicking, long distractions, fatigue, or adult assistance can distort the result. Teachers can encourage effort and explain the test structure, but they should not coach answers.

During mCLASS DIBELS 8

The student works directly with an educator for most measures. The student may name letters, segment spoken words into sounds, read nonsense words, read real words, or read a passage aloud. The educator marks responses in mCLASS and follows standardized rules for prompting, timing, and scoring.

All DIBELS 8 subtests except Maze are timed for 60 seconds; Maze is timed for three minutes. Total appointment time is longer because directions, practice items, transitions, and the grade-appropriate set of measures add time. Maze is a silent reading task and may be group administered, while most other measures are one-to-one.

Timing is part of the construct, but that does not mean a child should race carelessly. DIBELS measures combine accuracy and automaticity in specific ways. The examiner should use the standard directions, not invent “go faster” coaching.

Grades and Subjects

i-Ready Inform assesses Reading and Mathematics from kindergarten through grade 12. Each subject has its own scale score, placement, domains, and growth reporting. An i-Ready Math score should never be compared with a literacy-only result.

mCLASS DIBELS 8 supports English literacy from kindergarten through grade 8. DIBELS 8 is not a mathematics assessment. Amplify does offer mCLASS Math, but it has its own design, scores, and technical evidence. If a report says mCLASS Math, use the mCLASS Math manual—not DIBELS benchmark tables.

mCLASS Lectura supports Spanish literacy in kindergarten through grade 6. It is designed around Spanish literacy development rather than as a word-for-word translation of English DIBELS. English and Spanish results can inform a biliteracy picture, but their measure names and scores should not be converted directly.

How Often Are i-Ready and mCLASS Given?

Both systems may appear on a beginning-of-year, middle-of-year, and end-of-year calendar. The difference emerges between those benchmarks.

The full i-Ready Inform assessment is typically given up to three times during the school year. Its growth model uses broad checkpoints. Repeating the full assessment every few days would not be an appropriate substitute for focused progress monitoring.

mCLASS DIBELS 8 also uses benchmark screening periods. Students who need strategic or intensive support can receive more frequent progress monitoring with equivalent DIBELS probes. mCLASS recommends measures, sets or supports goals, plots scores against an aimline, and helps teams see whether an intervention is producing adequate growth.

Progress-monitoring frequency should match the decision and intervention intensity. A team needs enough points to see a meaningful trend, but excessive testing reduces instructional time. The purpose is not to make the graph look busy; it is to decide whether teaching is working.

i-Ready Scores Explained

Scale Score

The i-Ready scale score is a continuous estimate of performance. It is not a percentage correct, a letter grade, or a count of completed lessons. The scale supports comparison across testing windows, but the number must be interpreted with the subject, grade, season, and current placement table.

Grade-Level Placement

Placement summarizes how the scale score relates to grade-level expectations. Depending on the report, a student may be placed above, early, mid, or late on grade level, one grade below, or two or more grades below. Placement is an instructional signal, not a decision to retain or accelerate a student by itself.

Percentile Rank

Percentile rank compares the student with a national same-grade, same-season norm group. A 70th percentile result means the student scored as high as or higher than about 70 percent of the comparison group. It does not mean 70 percent of questions were correct.

Typical Growth and Stretch Growth

Typical Growth is an annual target based on students who began from a similar position. Stretch Growth is a more ambitious target designed to place a student on a path toward proficiency or advanced performance. These are i-Ready-specific targets. Our detailed guide explains Typical Growth vs Stretch Growth.

Reading Domains

Domain results show likely strengths and instructional needs across areas such as foundational skills, vocabulary, and comprehension. They provide a broad profile. A low domain placement should be confirmed with classroom work and focused assessment before educators select an intervention.

mCLASS DIBELS 8 Measures Explained

The grade and season determine which measures a student receives. DIBELS uses brief indicators rather than asking every student to complete every task.

Letter Naming Fluency (LNF)

LNF measures efficient naming of printed upper- and lowercase letters. It is an early indicator associated with literacy risk, not proof that a child can read words or comprehend text.

Phonemic Segmentation Fluency (PSF)

PSF measures the ability to hear a spoken word and produce its individual phonemes. Because it is oral, it examines sound awareness rather than printed-word reading.

Nonsense Word Fluency (NWF)

NWF measures knowledge of letter–sound relationships and the ability to blend unfamiliar, decodable sequences. Common results include correct letter sounds and whole words recoded correctly. The goal is not to memorize nonsense words; the task samples transferable decoding.

Word Reading Fluency (WRF)

WRF measures accurate and automatic reading of common real words. It helps distinguish a student who can decode slowly from one whose word recognition is becoming efficient.

Oral Reading Fluency (ORF)

ORF measures reading of connected text. Reports commonly show words read correctly and accuracy. Fluency supports comprehension, but ORF alone is not a complete assessment of vocabulary, background knowledge, deep understanding, or written response.

Maze

Maze is a three-minute silent task in which the student selects words that make sense within a passage. It adds a comprehension-related indicator. It is still a brief measure and should be combined with richer evidence about reading and discussion.

What Is the DIBELS Composite Score?

The DIBELS composite combines selected grade-appropriate measure scores into an overall predictor of reading risk. The University of Oregon describes the current composite as its most robust DIBELS predictor of risk when the complete required battery is used or when official gating and discontinue rules are followed.

The composite is not an average a parent should calculate by hand. Measure contributions and calculation rules differ by grade and season. mCLASS applies the authorized calculation and can display the result immediately.

Use the composite for the broad screening question: How much reading risk does this pattern suggest? Use the individual measures and response transcript to ask why. Two students with similar composites may need different instruction because one has a phonemic-awareness and decoding need while another has an accuracy or fluency need.

mCLASS Benchmark Status and Support Categories

mCLASS reports often use benchmark language such as At or Above Benchmark, Below Benchmark, and Well Below Benchmark. Exact display wording, colors, and available reports can vary by grade, state configuration, and product version.

The current University of Oregon DIBELS 8 framework also describes four support/risk bands:

  • Blue—Core Support, negligible risk
  • Green—Core Support, minimal or low risk
  • Yellow—Strategic Support, some risk
  • Red—Intensive Support, at risk

The exact cut score changes by grade, season, and measure. Red or Well Below Benchmark is not a diagnosis or a statement about potential; it signals that intensive instructional support and close monitoring are likely needed. Blue is not a growth target every child must reach. Green and blue both indicate core support in the current DIBELS framework.

Always use the current report and benchmark table. The University of Oregon posted revised Zones of Growth and percentile resources in 2026, and vendors can update reports. A screenshot from an older edition may not match a current mCLASS report.

mCLASS Additional Literacy Measures

Amplify offers additional measures that can expand the screening picture, including Vocabulary, Spelling, Rapid Automatized Naming, and Oral Language. Availability depends on grade and implementation. These measures can be especially useful when a team needs more information about risk factors associated with reading difficulty.

Do not assume that every additional measure is part of the DIBELS composite or can be progress-monitored in the same way. Some risk indicators require a particular combination of the composite and additional measures. Educators should follow the current Amplify administration and reporting guide rather than inventing a combined score.

i-Ready Growth vs mCLASS Zones of Growth

The growth systems have similar goals—helping educators judge progress—but they use different calculations.

i-Ready compares change on its adaptive scale with Typical Growth and Stretch Growth. The targets are individualized from the student’s beginning-of-year placement and are intended for annual interpretation.

mCLASS progress monitoring plots repeated DIBELS measure scores against an aimline. Amplify’s Zones of Growth framework uses initial DIBELS performance to estimate the rate of growth needed to reach an end-of-year outcome. mCLASS can recommend progress-monitoring measures and automatically set goals that educators can customize.

An i-Ready student who has achieved 80 percent of Stretch Growth cannot be described as “80 percent through an mCLASS Zone of Growth.” Likewise, being above a DIBELS aimline does not automatically mean the student has met i-Ready Typical Growth. Keep each result within its own model.

Can You Convert an i-Ready Score to an mCLASS Score?

No universal conversion is valid. i-Ready estimates broad achievement through a student-completed adaptive item set. mCLASS DIBELS scores describe performance on brief standardized literacy behaviors and an overall risk composite.

Even when both assessments correlate with later reading success, correlation does not create a one-to-one formula. A valid linking study would need the exact i-Ready version, DIBELS edition, mCLASS score type, grade, season, population, and statistical uncertainty. A relationship found for one state or grade cannot be copied to all students.

Percentiles do not create a conversion either. The 50th percentile on i-Ready and the 50th percentile on a DIBELS measure both describe relative standing, but the norm groups and measured behaviors differ. Similar percentiles can be discussed as a broad pattern; the underlying scores are not equal.

What Does Each Assessment Measure Best?

i-Ready provides broader information across a wide difficulty range. It is useful for grade-level placement, domains, peer comparison, and longer-term achievement growth. It can reveal that an overall result masks a stronger vocabulary placement and weaker comprehension placement, for example.

mCLASS provides transparent, behavior-based evidence. The teacher hears the student segment sounds, decode unfamiliar patterns, read words, and read connected text. Exact response markings and error patterns can guide focused instruction. The short measures are sensitive enough for frequent progress monitoring.

Neither test captures the whole reader. Motivation, oral language, knowledge, cultural and linguistic experience, writing, stamina, discussion, and understanding of complete texts require additional evidence. Strong assessment systems combine standardized results with classroom observation, work samples, curriculum tasks, and student conversation.

Which Assessment Is Better?

Neither is universally better because they answer different questions.

  • i-Ready is more useful when a school needs broad K–12 placement, adaptive domain data, national percentile context, and progress toward annual growth targets.
  • mCLASS is more useful when a school needs direct-observation literacy screening, detailed foundational-skill evidence, rapid identification of risk, and frequent progress monitoring.
  • Using both can be valuable when educators preserve the separate scales and connect overlapping evidence to instruction.

Implementation quality matters. i-Ready needs independent student effort and appropriate digital conditions. mCLASS needs trained examiners, standardized timing and scoring, and fidelity to administration rules. Either system can produce misleading data if the process is rushed or inconsistent.

What Is a Good i-Ready Score?

A good i-Ready result cannot be reduced to one universal number. Read grade and season first, then scale score, placement, percentile, domains, and growth. On-grade-level performance with appropriate growth is generally reassuring. A below-grade student showing strong sustained growth is also making meaningful progress, even while support continues.

For a field-by-field explanation, use our guide to reading every number on an i-Ready report.

What Is a Good mCLASS Score?

A good mCLASS result meets the current grade- and season-specific DIBELS benchmark or falls within a core-support range. Exact numbers differ by measure, grade, and testing window. A context-free chart cannot answer the question accurately.

Look at the composite, individual measures, benchmark status, and trend. One low measure may indicate a targeted skill need. A low composite suggests broader risk. A student below benchmark whose progress-monitoring trend is rising faster than the aimline is showing an encouraging response even before crossing the goal.

A student just above benchmark with a declining trend may need closer review. Cut scores support decisions; they should not replace professional judgment.

Why Might i-Ready and mCLASS Results Disagree?

  1. Different constructs. A student may understand text but read aloud slowly, or read fluently while struggling with vocabulary and deeper comprehension.
  2. Different formats. i-Ready is student-completed and adaptive; mCLASS involves direct observation and timed standardized tasks.
  3. Different dates. A fall i-Ready score and a winter mCLASS result represent different instruction and development.
  4. Different breadth. i-Ready samples broad achievement; DIBELS measures are deliberately brief indicators.
  5. Student behavior. Rushing, fatigue, anxiety, distraction, or discomfort reading aloud can affect the tools differently.
  6. Administration quality. Inconsistent mCLASS timing or scoring can distort a measure; adult help or random clicking can distort i-Ready.
  7. Language and access. Multilingual development, hearing, speech, vision, disability, and accommodations require careful interpretation.
  8. Normal uncertainty. Every score is an estimate. Small differences should not be treated as exact facts.

When i-Ready Is Strong but mCLASS Is Low

Identify which mCLASS measure is low. Weak NWF can signal that decoding is not automatic even when broad comprehension appears adequate. Weak ORF with high accuracy may point toward rate and automaticity; low ORF accuracy may prompt analysis of decoding and error patterns. A low Maze result raises a different comprehension-related question.

Review the DIBELS composite, response transcript, classroom oral reading, and i-Ready domains. Instruction should target the identified skill. Repeated testing without teaching is not an intervention.

When mCLASS Is Strong but i-Ready Is Low

A student may efficiently perform brief foundational or fluency tasks yet struggle with vocabulary, knowledge demands, complex comprehension, or the sustained attention needed for a broader digital benchmark. Examine i-Ready domains and classroom work with longer texts.

Also review testing conditions. If the i-Ready result is unexpectedly low, ask about rushing, fatigue, technical problems, and approved accommodations. One surprising result should prompt investigation rather than a permanent conclusion.

Can mCLASS or i-Ready Diagnose Dyslexia?

mCLASS DIBELS 8 is used as a validated dyslexia or reading-difficulty screener in many implementations, and additional measures can expand the risk picture. i-Ready may also contribute reading-difficulty screening information in specified grades and settings.

Screening is not diagnosis. A Well Below Benchmark composite, low i-Ready placement, RAN result, or spelling result cannot alone establish dyslexia or special-education eligibility. A comprehensive process may include instructional history, multiple measures, language background, classroom evidence, hearing and vision, response to explicit teaching, and evaluation under applicable law and local policy.

Families should ask which screener and edition were used, what skills triggered concern, what intervention begins now, how progress will be measured, and when the team will review the response.

How to Read an mCLASS Parent or Caregiver Report

  1. Confirm the product. Look for mCLASS DIBELS 8, mCLASS Lectura, or mCLASS Math.
  2. Find the grade and window. BOY, MOY, and EOY benchmarks have different goals.
  3. Read the composite status. Note At/Above, Below, or Well Below Benchmark—or the current equivalent wording.
  4. Review each measure. Locate the skill that contributes most strongly to risk.
  5. Look at the history. Compare benchmark and progress-monitoring points rather than one isolated score.
  6. Check the aimline or goal. Determine whether recent points are above, near, or below the planned rate.
  7. Read instructional guidance. Use suggested activities as support, coordinated with the teacher.
  8. Ask for context. Compare the report with classroom reading, writing, and comprehension.

How Teachers Can Use Both Systems Responsibly

  1. Start with the decision. Decide whether the team needs broad placement, universal screening, diagnostic skill evidence, or progress monitoring.
  2. Verify names and versions. Record i-Ready Inform’s reporting year and DIBELS 8th Edition in mCLASS.
  3. Check administration quality. Review independent work, examiner training, timing, scoring, accommodations, and testing conditions.
  4. Read patterns. Compare i-Ready domains with mCLASS measures and error patterns without converting scores.
  5. Match instruction to evidence. Choose explicit work in phonemic awareness, decoding, word recognition, fluency, vocabulary, or comprehension.
  6. Monitor the target. Use an appropriate DIBELS progress measure or another focused tool at a planned interval.
  7. Review response. Decide whether to continue, intensify, or change instruction based on trend and classroom transfer.
  8. Communicate clearly. Tell families what the data suggests, what it cannot prove, what will change, and when the team will reconvene.

Questions Parents Should Ask

  • Is the report mCLASS DIBELS 8, mCLASS Lectura, or mCLASS Math?
  • Which grade, benchmark window, and current goals apply?
  • What is the DIBELS composite status?
  • Which individual measure or error pattern needs attention?
  • What are the student’s i-Ready placement and reading domains?
  • Were the two assessments given close together?
  • Were there rushing, fatigue, technology, language, or accommodation concerns?
  • What does classroom work show?
  • What specific instruction will begin?
  • Which measure will monitor progress, and how often?
  • What trend would show that the intervention is working?
  • When will the team review the plan?

If the reports come from different times of year, first read i-Ready Fall vs Winter vs Spring Scores Explained. Dates are essential when comparing performance.

Frequently Asked Questions

Is Amplify mCLASS the same as DIBELS?

mCLASS is the digital platform, and DIBELS 8th Edition is the English literacy assessment delivered through it. Amplify adds digital administration, scoring, reporting, grouping, goals, and instructional resources.

Is mCLASS adaptive?

mCLASS DIBELS 8 uses adaptive benchmarking rules such as gating and discontinue procedures, but it is not a broad item-by-item computer-adaptive test like i-Ready. Most DIBELS measures are standardized direct-observation tasks.

Did i-Ready Diagnostic change its name?

Yes. Starting in the 2026–2027 school year, Curriculum Associates uses i-Ready Inform for the assessment previously called i-Ready Diagnostic.

How long does mCLASS testing take?

Each DIBELS 8 subtest except Maze is timed for 60 seconds; Maze is three minutes. The total session includes directions, practice, transitions, and the measures required for the grade and season.

Does mCLASS test comprehension?

DIBELS 8 includes Maze, and oral reading fluency is related to reading success. mCLASS can also include additional vocabulary and language measures. It is still not a complete assessment of deep comprehension, knowledge, discussion, or writing.

Does mCLASS assess math?

Amplify offers a separate mCLASS Math product. DIBELS 8 does not assess mathematics. Do not compare i-Ready Math with a DIBELS reading score.

What does Well Below Benchmark mean?

It signals a high level of reading risk and likely need for intensive support under the applicable benchmark framework. It is not a diagnosis, grade, or statement about intelligence.

Which mCLASS score matters most?

The DIBELS composite is generally the strongest overall indicator of reading risk when correctly calculated. Individual measures are essential for understanding the skill pattern and planning instruction.

Can a student meet the fall benchmark and miss winter?

Yes. Benchmark expectations rise during the year. The University of Oregon recommends screening all students at each benchmark because meeting an earlier goal does not guarantee meeting the next one.

Do progress-monitoring passages get harder every week?

No. DIBELS progress-monitoring probes within a grade are intended to be equivalent rather than steadily harder, allowing educators to interpret the trend.

Can students practice mCLASS test materials?

Students should practice the underlying literacy skills with normal instructional materials, not rehearse actual assessment probes. The University of Oregon warns that coaching with DIBELS test materials invalidates results.

Should mCLASS scores be used as grades?

No. DIBELS should never be used as a grade. It is a screening and progress-monitoring system designed to identify support needs.

Can i-Ready scores convert to mCLASS scores?

No universal conversion exists. Use only a validated linking study that explicitly covers the exact tests, scores, grade, season, and student population.

What if one mCLASS score suddenly drops?

Check administration, timing, student health, attention, language, and the response transcript. Compare the point with classroom reading and the longer trend. One low point deserves review, but it should not erase other evidence.

Bottom Line: Broad Achievement vs Direct Literacy Indicators

i-Ready Inform and Amplify mCLASS are complementary, not interchangeable. i-Ready offers a broad adaptive view of achievement, placement, domains, percentile, and annual growth. mCLASS digitally delivers DIBELS 8’s brief teacher-administered literacy measures, composite risk information, benchmark status, granular response data, progress monitoring, goals, and instructional recommendations.

The most responsible interpretation confirms the exact products and dates, keeps each score on its own scale, examines areas of agreement and disagreement, and connects the evidence to a specific teaching plan. Parents do not need a fabricated conversion chart. They need to know the child’s current strength, the skill requiring support, what instruction will occur, and what evidence will show that the plan is working.

Official Sources and Further Reading

Assessment names, norms, goals, reports, and local schedules can change. Use the current official manuals and the school’s actual report when making decisions about an individual student.

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