Education and communication: give good, clear forewarning and maintain transparent.
Participation and involvement: making employees feel a part of the process will avoid resistance.
Facilitation and support: helping employees to deal with the changing situation.
Negotiation and agreement: using incentives to reduce resistance, or make compromises.
Manipulation and co-option: use a representative of those resisting change into the process and they can help resistors to accept change.
Coercion: force staff into accepting change (e.g., threatening dismissal or transferring employees). This occurs implicitly, for legal reasons.
