📝 Rounding Rules:

• If fraction < 1/2 → Round DOWN to whole number
• If fraction ≥ 1/2 → Round UP to next whole number
• After rounding, multiply the whole numbers

✏️ Example: Estimate 4 2/3 × 5 1/4

📐 Formula:

W a/b × n = [(W × b + a)/b] × n/1

📝 Steps:

1. Convert mixed number to improper fraction: (W × b + a)/b
2. Write whole number as fraction: n = n/1
3. Multiply numerators and denominators
4. Simplify and convert back to mixed number

✏️ Example: 2 1/3 × 4

📐 Formula:

W a/b × c/d = [(W × b + a)/b] × c/d = [(W × b + a) × c]/(b × d)

✏️ Example: 3 1/2 × 2/5

📐 General Formula:

W₁ a/b × W₂ c/d = [(W₁×b+a)/b] × [(W₂×d+c)/d]

📝 Steps:

1. Convert first mixed number to improper fraction
2. Convert second mixed number to improper fraction
3. Multiply the two improper fractions
4. Simplify the result
5. Convert to mixed number if improper

✏️ Example: 2 3/4 × 1 1/2

📝 Conversion Rules:

• Mixed Number: Convert to improper fraction (W × b + a)/b
• Whole Number: Write as fraction n/1
• Fraction: Keep as is
• Then: Multiply all numerators, multiply all denominators

✏️ Example: 2 1/2 × 3 × 1/4

Multiply all numerators together / Multiply all denominators together

✏️ Example: 1 1/2 × 2 × 2/3

📝 Steps to Solve:

1. Read the problem carefully
2. Identify what numbers need to be multiplied
3. Convert all mixed numbers to improper fractions
4. Multiply and simplify
5. Write answer with appropriate units

✏️ Example: Running Problem

✏️ Example: Doubling a Recipe

✏️ Example: Partial Recipe

📝 Problem-Solving Strategy:

1. Break the problem into smaller steps
2. Solve each step in order
3. Use the result from one step in the next
4. Check if your final answer makes sense

✏️ Example: Multi-Step Garden Problem

💡 Essential Formulas:

🔑 Key Tips for Success:

• Always convert mixed numbers to improper fractions before multiplying
• Write whole numbers as fractions (n/1) for easier multiplication
• Multiply all numerators together, then all denominators together
• Simplify fractions by dividing by the GCF (Greatest Common Factor)
• Convert improper fractions back to mixed numbers in final answers
• Use estimation to check if your answer is reasonable
• In word problems, identify key information and what operation is needed
• For recipes, multiplying scales up ingredients, dividing scales down
• In multi-step problems, solve one step at a time and use results in next steps
• Always include units (cups, miles, meters) in your final answer for word problems