Nutrition Lesson | KS3 Biology | RevisionTown

Practice Quiz

1. What are the five main nutrients needed in a balanced diet?

Answer: The five main nutrients needed in a balanced diet are carbohydrates, proteins, lipids (fats and oils), vitamins, and minerals.

2. Why are carbohydrates important in a balanced diet?

Answer: Carbohydrates are the primary energy source for the body, providing fuel for daily activities and metabolic processes.

3. What are good sources of carbohydrates?

Answer: Good sources of carbohydrates include pasta, bread, potatoes, cereals, and other starches.

4. What is the function of proteins in the body?

Answer: Proteins support the growth and repair of tissues, acting as the building blocks of the body.

5. What foods are rich in proteins?

Answer: Foods rich in proteins include meat, fish, eggs, beans, nuts, and seeds.

6. What role do lipids play in the body?

Answer: Lipids act as an energy reserve, support cell structure, insulate the body, and protect vital organs.

7. What are common sources of lipids?

Answer: Common sources of lipids include fats, butter, oils, nuts, and cream.

8. Why are vitamins essential for health?

Answer: Vitamins are vital for maintaining health and supporting processes like bone formation, vision, and immune function.

9. What are examples of vitamins and their sources?

Answer: Examples include:

• Vitamin A: Found in carrots and spinach.
• Vitamin B: Found in whole grains and meat.
• Vitamin C: Found in citrus fruits and strawberries.
• Vitamin D: Found in milk and fatty fish.
• Vitamin E: Found in nuts and seeds.

10. What are the functions of minerals in the body?

Answer: Minerals support various bodily functions, such as:

• Iron: Necessary for healthy blood.
• Calcium: Crucial for bones and teeth.
• Sodium: Important for nerve function.

11. What foods are rich in minerals?

Answer: Foods rich in minerals include spinach (iron), milk (calcium), and salt (sodium).

12. Why is water important for the body?

Answer: Water is vital for hydration, metabolic processes, temperature regulation, and nearly every bodily function.

13. What are good sources of water?

Answer: Good sources of water include drinking water, beverages, and water-rich foods like fruits and vegetables.

14. What is the role of fibre in the diet?

Answer: Fibre is essential for digestive health, helping to prevent constipation and promoting gut health.

15. What foods are high in fibre?

Answer: Foods high in fibre include whole grains, fruits, and vegetables.

16. How do carbohydrates provide energy?

Answer: Carbohydrates are broken down into glucose, which is used by the body for energy.

17. What is the difference between simple and complex carbohydrates?

Answer: Simple carbohydrates are sugars that provide quick energy, while complex carbohydrates are starches and fibres that provide sustained energy.

18. How do proteins help with muscle repair?

Answer: Proteins are broken down into amino acids, which are used to repair and build muscle tissue.

19. What is the role of essential fatty acids in the diet?

Answer: Essential fatty acids are necessary for brain function, cell membrane structure, and the production of certain hormones.

20. Why is it important to have a balanced intake of vitamins and minerals?

Answer: A balanced intake ensures that all bodily functions are supported, preventing deficiencies and promoting overall health.

21. How does water aid in digestion?

Answer: Water helps dissolve nutrients and move them through the digestive tract, aiding in the absorption and elimination processes.

22. What is the function of dietary fibre in preventing constipation?

Answer: Dietary fibre adds bulk to the stool and helps it pass more easily through the digestive system, preventing constipation.

23. How do lipids help in protecting vital organs?

Answer: Lipids form a protective layer around vital organs, cushioning them from physical impact and damage.

24. What are the benefits of consuming whole grains?

Answer: Whole grains provide essential nutrients, fibre, and help regulate blood sugar levels and support digestive health.

25. How do vitamins support immune function?

Answer: Vitamins like Vitamin C and D boost the immune system by supporting the production and function of immune cells.

26. Why is iron important for healthy blood?

Answer: Iron is a key component of hemoglobin, which carries oxygen in the blood, essential for energy production and overall health.

27. What is the role of calcium in the body?

Answer: Calcium is crucial for the development and maintenance of strong bones and teeth and plays a role in nerve signaling and muscle contraction.

28. How does sodium help with nerve function?

Answer: Sodium helps transmit nerve impulses by maintaining the proper balance of fluids and electrolytes in the body.

29. What are the consequences of dehydration?

Answer: Dehydration can lead to fatigue, dizziness, confusion, and in severe cases, organ failure and death.

30. How much water should an average person drink daily?

Answer: The recommended daily water intake is about 8-10 cups (2-2.5 liters), but this can vary based on individual needs and activity levels.

31. What is the difference between saturated and unsaturated fats?

Answer: Saturated fats are solid at room temperature and can raise cholesterol levels, while unsaturated fats are liquid at room temperature and can lower cholesterol levels.

32. Why are omega-3 fatty acids important?

Answer: Omega-3 fatty acids are important for heart health, reducing inflammation, and supporting brain function.

33. What foods are high in omega-3 fatty acids?

Answer: Foods high in omega-3 fatty acids include fatty fish (salmon, mackerel), flaxseeds, chia seeds, and walnuts.

34. What is the role of Vitamin A in vision?

Answer: Vitamin A is essential for maintaining good vision, especially in low light, and preventing night blindness.

35. How does Vitamin D support bone health?

Answer: Vitamin D helps the body absorb calcium, which is necessary for building and maintaining strong bones.

36. What are the sources of Vitamin D?

Answer: Sources of Vitamin D include sunlight exposure, fortified foods, and fatty fish.

37. What are the symptoms of a protein deficiency?

Answer: Symptoms of protein deficiency include muscle wasting, weakness, immune dysfunction, and delayed wound healing.

38. How can vegetarians ensure they get enough protein?

Answer: Vegetarians can get enough protein by consuming a variety of plant-based sources like beans, lentils, tofu, nuts, seeds, and whole grains.

39. What is the glycemic index and why is it important?

Answer: The glycemic index (GI) measures how quickly a carbohydrate-containing food raises blood glucose levels. Foods with a low GI are better for maintaining stable blood sugar levels.

40. What are antioxidants and their benefits?

Answer: Antioxidants are compounds that protect the body from damage caused by free radicals. They help reduce the risk of chronic diseases and support overall health.

41. What foods are rich in antioxidants?

Answer: Foods rich in antioxidants include berries, nuts, dark chocolate, spinach, and green tea.

42. What is the role of folic acid in pregnancy?

Answer: Folic acid is crucial for preventing neural tube defects in the developing fetus and supporting maternal health during pregnancy.

43. What are the sources of folic acid?

Answer: Sources of folic acid include leafy green vegetables, citrus fruits, beans, and fortified cereals.

44. What is the importance of a balanced diet?

Answer: A balanced diet provides all the essential nutrients in the right proportions to maintain health, support growth, and prevent chronic diseases.

45. How does fibre help in weight management?

Answer: Fibre helps in weight management by promoting a feeling of fullness, reducing overall calorie intake, and aiding in digestive health.

46. What is the role of magnesium in the body?

Answer: Magnesium is involved in over 300 biochemical reactions, including muscle and nerve function, blood sugar control, and bone health.

47. What are good sources of magnesium?

Answer: Good sources of magnesium include nuts, seeds, leafy green vegetables, and whole grains.

48. What are the health benefits of probiotics?

Answer: Probiotics promote a healthy gut microbiome, aid in digestion, boost the immune system, and may prevent certain digestive disorders.

49. What foods contain probiotics?

Answer: Foods containing probiotics include yogurt, kefir, sauerkraut, kimchi, and other fermented foods.

50. How can one ensure they are getting all essential nutrients in their diet?

Answer: To ensure a balanced intake of all essential nutrients, consume a variety of foods from all food groups, including fruits, vegetables, whole grains, proteins, and healthy fats, and stay hydrated.