Basic Math

Multiplication skill builders | Third Grade

✖️ Multiplication Skill Builders - Grade 3

Master Your Multiplication Facts!

Learning multiplication facts from \(0\) to \(10\) will help you solve math problems faster and easier!

Each multiplication fact has patterns and tricks to make learning fun and easy!

0️⃣ Multiply by 0

Zero Property of Multiplication

\(a \times 0 = 0\)
\(0 \times a = 0\)

Any number times zero equals ZERO!

Multiplication Facts:

\(0 \times 0 = 0\)\(0 \times 1 = 0\)\(0 \times 2 = 0\)
\(0 \times 3 = 0\)\(0 \times 4 = 0\)\(0 \times 5 = 0\)
\(0 \times 6 = 0\)\(0 \times 7 = 0\)\(0 \times 8 = 0\)
\(0 \times 9 = 0\)\(0 \times 10 = 0\)

💡 Easy Rule: If you see a zero in multiplication, the answer is always ZERO!

1️⃣ Multiply by 1

Identity Property of Multiplication

\(a \times 1 = a\)
\(1 \times a = a\)

Any number times one equals that same number!

Multiplication Facts:

\(1 \times 0 = 0\)\(1 \times 1 = 1\)\(1 \times 2 = 2\)
\(1 \times 3 = 3\)\(1 \times 4 = 4\)\(1 \times 5 = 5\)
\(1 \times 6 = 6\)\(1 \times 7 = 7\)\(1 \times 8 = 8\)
\(1 \times 9 = 9\)\(1 \times 10 = 10\)

💡 Easy Rule: Multiplying by 1 doesn't change the number!

2️⃣ Multiply by 2

The Doubling Rule

\(n \times 2 = n + n\)

Multiplying by 2 means DOUBLING the number!
Just add the number to itself!

Skip Counting by 2s:

\(2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20\)

Multiplication Table:

\(2 \times 1 = 2\)\(2 \times 2 = 4\)\(2 \times 3 = 6\)
\(2 \times 4 = 8\)\(2 \times 5 = 10\)\(2 \times 6 = 12\)
\(2 \times 7 = 14\)\(2 \times 8 = 16\)\(2 \times 9 = 18\)
\(2 \times 10 = 20\)

💡 Pattern: All products of 2 are EVEN numbers! They end in 0, 2, 4, 6, or 8.

3️⃣ Multiply by 3

Skip Counting by 3s:

\(3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24, 27, 30\)

Multiplication Table:

\(3 \times 1 = 3\)\(3 \times 2 = 6\)\(3 \times 3 = 9\)
\(3 \times 4 = 12\)\(3 \times 5 = 15\)\(3 \times 6 = 18\)
\(3 \times 7 = 21\)\(3 \times 8 = 24\)\(3 \times 9 = 27\)
\(3 \times 10 = 30\)

💡 Pattern: Add the digits of any product of 3, and the sum will be 3, 6, or 9!
Example: \(3 \times 4 = 12\) → \(1 + 2 = 3\) ✓

4️⃣ Multiply by 4

The Double-Double Trick

\(n \times 4 = (n \times 2) \times 2\)

Double the number, then double again!
Example: \(3 \times 4 = (3 \times 2) \times 2 = 6 \times 2 = 12\)

Skip Counting by 4s:

\(4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, 28, 32, 36, 40\)

Multiplication Table:

\(4 \times 1 = 4\)\(4 \times 2 = 8\)\(4 \times 3 = 12\)
\(4 \times 4 = 16\)\(4 \times 5 = 20\)\(4 \times 6 = 24\)
\(4 \times 7 = 28\)\(4 \times 8 = 32\)\(4 \times 9 = 36\)
\(4 \times 10 = 40\)

💡 Pattern: All products of 4 are EVEN numbers! Ends cycle: 4, 8, 2, 6, 0

5️⃣ Multiply by 5

The Clock Trick

Products of 5 always end in 0 or 5!

Even number × 5 = ends in 0
Odd number × 5 = ends in 5

Skip Counting by 5s:

\(5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50\)

Multiplication Table:

\(5 \times 1 = 5\)\(5 \times 2 = 10\)\(5 \times 3 = 15\)
\(5 \times 4 = 20\)\(5 \times 5 = 25\)\(5 \times 6 = 30\)
\(5 \times 7 = 35\)\(5 \times 8 = 40\)\(5 \times 9 = 45\)
\(5 \times 10 = 50\)

💡 Pattern: Count by 5s like counting money (nickels)!
All answers end in 0 or 5!

6️⃣ Multiply by 6

Skip Counting by 6s:

\(6, 12, 18, 24, 30, 36, 42, 48, 54, 60\)

Multiplication Table:

\(6 \times 1 = 6\)\(6 \times 2 = 12\)\(6 \times 3 = 18\)
\(6 \times 4 = 24\)\(6 \times 5 = 30\)\(6 \times 6 = 36\)
\(6 \times 7 = 42\)\(6 \times 8 = 48\)\(6 \times 9 = 54\)
\(6 \times 10 = 60\)

💡 Pattern: All products of 6 are EVEN! Ends cycle: 6, 2, 8, 4, 0

7️⃣ Multiply by 7

Skip Counting by 7s:

\(7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42, 49, 56, 63, 70\)

Multiplication Table:

\(7 \times 1 = 7\)\(7 \times 2 = 14\)\(7 \times 3 = 21\)
\(7 \times 4 = 28\)\(7 \times 5 = 35\)\(7 \times 6 = 42\)
\(7 \times 7 = 49\)\(7 \times 8 = 56\)\(7 \times 9 = 63\)
\(7 \times 10 = 70\)

💡 Pattern: Ones digits cycle: 7, 4, 1, 8, 5, 2, 9, 6, 3, 0 (all digits 0-9!)

8️⃣ Multiply by 8

The Triple-Double Trick

\(n \times 8 = ((n \times 2) \times 2) \times 2\)

Double, double, double!
Example: \(3 \times 8 = 6 → 12 → 24\)

Skip Counting by 8s:

\(8, 16, 24, 32, 40, 48, 56, 64, 72, 80\)

Multiplication Table:

\(8 \times 1 = 8\)\(8 \times 2 = 16\)\(8 \times 3 = 24\)
\(8 \times 4 = 32\)\(8 \times 5 = 40\)\(8 \times 6 = 48\)
\(8 \times 7 = 56\)\(8 \times 8 = 64\)\(8 \times 9 = 72\)
\(8 \times 10 = 80\)

💡 Pattern: All products are EVEN! Ends cycle: 8, 6, 4, 2, 0

9️⃣ Multiply by 9 - The Magic Number!

The Finger Trick!

  1. Hold up all 10 fingers
  2. For \(9 \times n\), bend down finger number \(n\)
  3. Fingers left of bent finger = tens digit
  4. Fingers right of bent finger = ones digit

Example: \(9 \times 4\)
Bend 4th finger → 3 fingers left, 6 fingers right
Answer: \(36\) ✓

The Digit Sum Trick

The digits in any product of 9 always add up to 9!

\(9 \times 3 = 27\) → \(2 + 7 = 9\) ✓
\(9 \times 6 = 54\) → \(5 + 4 = 9\) ✓
\(9 \times 8 = 72\) → \(7 + 2 = 9\) ✓

Skip Counting by 9s:

\(9, 18, 27, 36, 45, 54, 63, 72, 81, 90\)

Multiplication Table:

\(9 \times 1 = 09\)\(9 \times 2 = 18\)\(9 \times 3 = 27\)
\(9 \times 4 = 36\)\(9 \times 5 = 45\)\(9 \times 6 = 54\)
\(9 \times 7 = 63\)\(9 \times 8 = 72\)\(9 \times 9 = 81\)
\(9 \times 10 = 90\)

💡 Amazing Pattern: Look at the tens digit going up (0,1,2,3...) and ones digit going down (9,8,7,6...)!

🔟 Multiply by 10

The Super Easy Rule!

\(n \times 10 = n0\)

Just add a ZERO to the end!

\(3 \times 10 = 30\)
\(7 \times 10 = 70\)
\(9 \times 10 = 90\)

Skip Counting by 10s:

\(10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100\)

Multiplication Table:

\(10 \times 1 = 10\)\(10 \times 2 = 20\)\(10 \times 3 = 30\)
\(10 \times 4 = 40\)\(10 \times 5 = 50\)\(10 \times 6 = 60\)
\(10 \times 7 = 70\)\(10 \times 8 = 80\)\(10 \times 9 = 90\)
\(10 \times 10 = 100\)

💡 Pattern: All products end in 0! Count by 10s!

📋 Complete Multiplication Table (0-10)

×012345678910
000000000000
1012345678910
202468101214161820
3036912151821242730
40481216202428323640
505101520253035404550
606121824303642485460
707142128354249566370
808162432404856647280
909182736455463728190
100102030405060708090100

💡 Quick Learning Tips

  • Learn 0 and 1 first - they're the easiest!
  • Use skip counting to practice each multiplication table
  • Multiply by 2 = Double the number
  • Multiply by 4 = Double, then double again
  • Multiply by 5 = Always ends in 0 or 5
  • Multiply by 8 = Double, double, double!
  • Multiply by 9 = Use the finger trick!
  • Multiply by 10 = Just add a zero!
  • Practice with flashcards every day
  • Use the commutative property: 3×4 = 4×3
  • Make it fun - sing multiplication songs!
  • Test yourself - cover the answers and try!
  • Don't rush - master one table before moving to the next
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