Money | Second Grade
Understanding Money
Concept: Money is what we use to buy things! In India, we use Rupees (₹). Learning about money helps us shop, save, and make smart choices!
Key Money Skills:
✓ Recognize different coins
✓ Count and compare money
✓ Add and subtract with money
✓ Make change correctly
💡 Tip: The rupee symbol ₹ comes before the number!
1. Indian Coin Values
Concept: Indian coins have different values. Each coin represents a specific amount of rupees!
Common Indian Coins
₹1
One Rupee
Value = ₹1
₹2
Two Rupees
Value = ₹2
₹5
Five Rupees
Value = ₹5
₹10
Ten Rupees
Value = ₹10
Coin Relationships:
( 1 times ₹10 = 2 times ₹5 = 5 times ₹2 = 10 times ₹1 )
( 1 times ₹5 = 5 times ₹1 )
( 1 times ₹2 = 2 times ₹1 )
💡 Tip: Larger coins mean fewer coins to carry!
2. Count Money - Up to ₹10
Concept: To count money, add the value of each coin together. Start with larger coins first!
Counting Strategy
Step 1: Sort by value (largest first)
⬇️
Step 2: Add values together
⬇️
Get Total Amount!
📝 Example: Count These Coins
₹5
₹2
₹1
₹1
Count: ₹5 + ₹2 + ₹1 + ₹1
( 5 + 2 + 1 + 1 = 9 )
Total = ₹9
💡 Tip: Count bigger coins first to make math easier!
3. Count Money - Up to ₹50
Concept: For larger amounts, count by tens first, then add the remaining coins!
📝 Example: Count ₹43
₹10
₹10
₹10
₹10
₹2
₹1
Count by tens: 10, 20, 30, 40
Then add: 40 + 2 + 1 = 43
Total = ₹43
💡 Tip: Skip count by 10s for faster counting!
4. Equivalent Amounts of Money
Concept: Different coin combinations can equal the same amount. These are equivalent!
Ways to Make ₹10
Way 1
₹10
1 × ₹10 coin
Way 2
₹5
₹5
2 × ₹5 coins
Way 3
₹2
₹2
₹2
₹2
₹2
5 × ₹2 coins
All equal ₹10!
Equivalence Formulas:
( 1 times ₹10 = 2 times ₹5 = 5 times ₹2 = 10 times ₹1 )
( 1 times ₹5 = 5 times ₹1 )
( 1 times ₹2 = 2 times ₹1 )
💡 Tip: Same value, different combinations!
5. Exchanging Coins
Concept: Exchange means trading coins of equal value. This helps carry fewer coins!
Exchange Examples
You Have:
₹1
₹1
₹1
₹1
₹1
5 × ₹1 = ₹5
⇄
Exchange For:
₹5
1 × ₹5 = ₹5
Common Exchanges:
• 10 coins of ₹1 ⇄ 1 coin of ₹10
• 5 coins of ₹2 ⇄ 1 coin of ₹10
• 2 coins of ₹5 ⇄ 1 coin of ₹10
• 2 coins of ₹1 ⇄ 1 coin of ₹2
💡 Tip: Exchange for larger coins to carry less!
6. Comparing Groups of Coins
Concept: To compare groups, count the total value of each group, then use >, <, or =!
📝 Which Has More?
Group A
₹5
₹2
₹1
5 + 2 + 1 = 8
Total = ₹8
Group B
₹2
₹2
₹2
₹2
₹2
2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 = 10
Total = ₹10
Compare: ₹8 < ₹10
Group B has more! 🎉
💡 Tip: Count total values, not number of coins!
7. Money Word Problems
Concept: Use addition when combining money, subtraction when finding what's left!
📖 Addition Problem
A pencil costs ₹3 and an eraser costs ₹2. What is the total cost?
Solution: Add both prices
( ₹3 + ₹2 = ₹5 )
Answer: ₹5
📖 Subtraction Problem
You have ₹10. You buy candy for ₹7. How much is left?
Solution: Subtract the cost
( ₹10 - ₹7 = ₹3 )
Answer: ₹3 left
💡 Tip: "Total" means add, "Left" means subtract!
8. Least Number of Coins
Concept: Use the fewest coins by starting with the largest coin value first!
Greedy Algorithm
Use ₹10 coins first
⬇️
Then ₹5 coins
⬇️
Then ₹2 and ₹1
📝 Make ₹18 with Fewest Coins
₹10 coins: 18 ÷ 10 = 1 coin (8 left)
₹5 coins: 8 ÷ 5 = 1 coin (3 left)
₹2 coins: 3 ÷ 2 = 1 coin (1 left)
₹1 coins: 1 coin
Total: Only 4 coins!
💡 Tip: Biggest coins first = fewest coins!
9. Do You Have Enough Money?
Concept: Compare your money with the price. If you have more or equal, you can buy it!
Decision Formula
If: Money ≥ Price → YES ✓
If: Money < Price → NO ✗
Example 1
You have: ₹8
Ball costs: ₹6
₹8 > ₹6
YES! ✓
Example 2
You have: ₹5
Book costs: ₹9
₹5 < ₹9
NO! ✗
💡 Tip: Always count before you buy!
10. Making Change
Concept: Change is the money returned when you pay more than the price!
Change Formula
( Change = Money Paid - Price)
📝 Example
Chocolate costs ₹7. You pay ₹10. Find change.
Solution:
(Change = ₹10 - ₹7 = ₹3)
You get ₹3 back!
More Examples:
Paid: ₹20
Price: ₹15
Change: ₹5
Paid: ₹50
Price: ₹38
Change: ₹12
Paid: ₹10
Price: ₹6
Change: ₹4
💡 Tip: Always verify your change!
Important Money Formulas
Total Money
( Total = All coins)
Add all coin values
Change Formula
(Change = Paid - Price)
Money returned
Equivalence
1×₹10 = 2×₹5
= 5×₹2 = 10×₹1
Same value!
🎯 Money Skills Success Tips 🎯
- ✓ Always count money carefully before and after shopping
- ✓ Start with largest coins when counting or making amounts
- ✓ Practice with real coins at home
- ✓ Always verify change when shopping
- ✓ Use fewer coins by choosing larger denominations
- ✓ Save money regularly in a piggy bank
⭐ You're a Money Master! ⭐
Fantastic work mastering money skills! You now understand Indian coin values, can count money up to ₹50, recognize equivalent amounts, exchange coins efficiently, compare groups, solve word problems, find the least number of coins, determine if you have enough money, and calculate change correctly. These practical math skills will help you throughout your life when shopping, saving, budgeting, and making smart financial decisions. Understanding money is essential for becoming independent and responsible. Keep practicing with real coins and real shopping situations - you're building lifelong skills that matter every single day. Outstanding job becoming financially smart!