Master the 11 Times Table
Learn multiplication table of 11 with our proven 5-step plan, interactive games, clever tricks, and comprehensive practice tools
What is the 11 Times Table?
The 11 times table is one of the most fascinating multiplication tables because it contains clever patterns and tricks that make it surprisingly easy to learn. It shows the results when any number is multiplied by 11, representing repeated addition of 11 or counting in groups of 11. The products follow this sequence: 11, 22, 33, 44, 55, 66, 77, 88, 99, 110, and so on. The remarkable simplicity for the first nine facts comes from the "repeating digits" pattern: when multiplying any single-digit number (1-9) by 11, the answer is simply that digit repeated twice. For example: 3 × 11 = 33, 7 × 11 = 77, 9 × 11 = 99. This makes the first nine facts incredibly easy to remember—just write the number twice!
For two-digit numbers, the 11 times table has an equally clever trick: add the digits together and place the sum between them. For example, to calculate 11 × 15: add 1+5=6, then place this 6 between the original digits (1 and 5) to get 165. Similarly, 11 × 23: add 2+3=5, place between them to get 253. This "sandwich" method works beautifully for most two-digit numbers. When the sum of digits is 10 or more (like 11 × 47 where 4+7=11), you place the ones digit between and carry the tens digit to the first number: place 1 between, add 1 to 4, getting 517. Understanding why this works reveals the distributive property: 11 = 10 + 1, so multiplying by 11 means multiplying by 10 (shift digits left) and adding the original number once. For 11 × 15: 10×15=150, plus 15=165.
The most reliable strategy for learning the 11 times table is the "multiply by 10 and add" method: since 11 = 10 + 1, multiply the number by 10, then add the original number to the result. For 11 × 12: first calculate 12×10=120, then add 12 to get 132. This method works for any number and reinforces understanding of place value and the distributive property. The 11 times table also demonstrates important mathematical connections: it relates to the 10 times table (just add the number once more), helps with mental arithmetic, and appears in real-world contexts like dozens (12 items = 132 total when you have 11 groups). Mastering the 11 times table builds confidence because students can use multiple strategies—repeating digits for single digits, the sandwich method for two digits, or the multiply-by-10-and-add approach for any number. These interconnected methods make the 11 times table both logical and memorable.
The 5-Step Learning Plan
Our proven 5-step plan uses progressive, research-backed methods to help students master the 11 times table through interactive learning. Each step builds upon the previous one, ensuring both understanding and automatic recall. This systematic approach is used in schools worldwide and recommended by mathematics educators for effective times table mastery.
1️⃣
View & Repeat
2️⃣
Drag & Drop
3️⃣
Shuffled Practice
4️⃣
Multiple Choice
5️⃣
Earn Diploma
📖 Step 1a: View, Read Aloud and Repeat
Familiarize yourself with the 11 times table by viewing and reading each multiplication fact aloud. Click on each fact to hear it repeated. Notice the repeating digits pattern for 1-9!
✏️ Step 1b: Fill In Sequence
Test your knowledge! Fill in all the answers in sequence. Once complete, click 'Check' to see your results. Get them all right to move forward!
🎯 Step 2: Drag the Right Answer
Match each multiplication fact with its correct answer by dragging. This interactive game reinforces the repeating digits and sandwich patterns!
Questions
Answers (Drag These)
🔀 Step 3: Shuffled Practice
Practice the 11 times table in random order! This builds true automaticity. Fill in all answers and press 'Check' to see your score.
✅ Step 4: Multiple Choice Quiz
Answer all 15 questions correctly! Each question tests your 11 times table knowledge from different angles.
🏆 Step 5: Tables Diploma Challenge
Prove your mastery! Answer all 24 questions correctly to earn your official 11 Times Table Diploma. This is the ultimate test!
Progress: 0/24 Correct | Time: 0:00
🎮 Memory Times Table Game
Match the multiplication facts with their answers in this fun memory card game! Find all pairs to win.
Moves: 0 | Pairs Found: 0/12
📊 11 Times Table Chart
Here's a complete reference chart showing the 11 times table from 11 × 1 to 11 × 20. Notice the repeating digits for 1-9 and the clever sandwich pattern for larger numbers!
The Clever Patterns & Tricks
The 11 times table has three brilliant patterns: First, for single digits (1-9), the answer is just the digit repeated twice. When 11 is multiplied by any single digit, write that digit twice: 11×3=33, 11×7=77, 11×9=99. This makes the first nine facts incredibly easy! Second, for two-digit numbers, use the "sandwich" method: add the two digits together and place the sum between them. For 11×15: add 1+5=6, place between to get 165. For 11×23: add 2+3=5, place between to get 253. When the sum is 10 or more, place the ones digit between and carry the tens digit to the first number: 11×47 becomes 4+7=11, place 1 between 4 and 7, carry 1 to 4, giving 517. Third, the most reliable method is multiply by 10 and add the number: since 11=10+1, multiply by 10 then add the original number. For 11×12: calculate 12×10=120, then add 12 to get 132. This works for any number and explains why the other patterns work—you're essentially shifting digits left (×10) and adding the original number once. These interconnected strategies make the 11 times table logical and memorable!
📚 Educational Facts About the 11 Times Table
🔢 Repeating Digits (1-9)
For single digits, the answer is the digit written twice! 11×2=22, 11×5=55, 11×8=88. This makes the first nine facts super easy to remember—just repeat the number!
🥪 Sandwich Method
For two-digit numbers: add the digits and place the sum between them! 11×15: add 1+5=6, sandwich between to get 165. 11×23: add 2+3=5, get 253. Clever trick!
📈 Multiply by 10 & Add
Since 11=10+1, multiply by 10 then add the number! For 11×12: calculate 12×10=120, add 12, get 132. This method works for ANY number and shows why patterns work!
🔄 Distributive Property
11 = 10 + 1, so 11×N = (10+1)×N = 10×N + 1×N. This explains all the tricks! When you multiply by 11, you're shifting digits left (×10) and adding once (×1).
⚡ Builds on 10s Table
The 11 times table is just the 10 times table plus the number! If you know 10×7=70, then 11×7=77 (add 7 once). Connect to existing knowledge!
🌍 Real-World 11s
Understanding "11 times" appears in sports (football teams), groups, and calculations. Eleven is also important in time (11 o'clock), making it practically useful!
❓ Frequently Asked Questions
Q: Why is the 11 times table important to learn?
A: The 11 times table is essential for several important reasons. First, it demonstrates beautiful mathematical patterns—the repeating digits for single digits and the sandwich method for two digits—that reveal how multiplication connects to place value and the distributive property. Understanding that 11 = 10 + 1 teaches students to break down complex problems into simpler components, a critical problem-solving skill. Second, the 11 times table builds mental math abilities through multiple strategies (repeat digits, sandwich method, or multiply-by-10-and-add), giving students flexibility in calculation approaches. Third, it's required for complete times table fluency in most curricula (UK expects mastery by end of Year 4). Fourth, the patterns in the 11 times table prepare students for recognizing patterns in other areas of mathematics, including algebra. Fifth, mastering the 11 times table builds confidence because students can use clever tricks rather than pure memorization. Finally, it appears in real-world contexts like sports teams, grouping, and practical calculations, making it relevant beyond the classroom.
Q: How long does it take to master the 11 times table?
A: Most students can learn the 11 times table in 2-3 weeks with consistent daily practice, often faster than other "difficult" tables because the patterns are so clear. The first nine facts (repeating digits) are typically mastered within days because the pattern is obvious and easy to remember. Learning facts beyond 11×9 takes slightly longer, but the sandwich method and multiply-by-10-and-add strategy make these accessible within 2-3 weeks. Building automaticity—instant recall without calculation—typically requires 3-4 weeks of daily 10-15 minute practice sessions. The speed of learning improves dramatically when students understand WHY the patterns work (11=10+1 and the distributive property) rather than just memorizing by rote. Students who have already mastered the 10 times table learn 11s particularly quickly because they only need to add the number one more time. Additionally, leveraging the commutative property helps—by the time students learn 11s, they already know 2×11, 3×11, 4×11, 5×11, 6×11, 7×11, 8×11, 9×11, and 10×11 from other tables!
Q: What is the sandwich method and how does it work?
A: The sandwich method (also called the "digit insertion trick") is a clever shortcut for multiplying two-digit numbers by 11. Here's how it works: Take the two-digit number you're multiplying by 11, add its two digits together, then place (or "sandwich") the sum between the original two digits. For example, to calculate 11 × 15: add the digits 1+5=6, then place this 6 between the 1 and 5 to get 165. For 11 × 23: add 2+3=5, place between to get 253. The method gets slightly more complex when the sum of digits is 10 or greater. For 11 × 47: add 4+7=11. Place the ones digit (1) between 4 and 7, giving 4_1_7, then add the tens digit (1) to the first digit, giving 5_1_7 or 517. This works because of the distributive property: 11 × 47 = (10+1) × 47 = 470 + 47 = 517. When you multiply by 10, you shift digits left, and when you add the original number, the digits combine in this "sandwich" pattern.
Q: What patterns exist in the 11 times table?
A: The 11 times table has several interconnected patterns: (1) Repeating digits for single digits—11×1=11, 11×2=22, 11×3=33... up to 11×9=99. The answer is simply the multiplier written twice. (2) Sandwich pattern for two digits—add the two digits and place the sum between them (11×15: 1+5=6, sandwich to get 165). (3) Add-10-and-1 structure—since 11=10+1, multiplying by 11 means multiplying by 10 (shift left) and adding the number once. This explains why all the other patterns work. (4) Connection to 10s table—each 11× fact is exactly 10× plus the number (11×7 = 70+7 = 77). (5) Predictable progression—products increase by 11 each time (11, 22, 33, 44, 55...). (6) Digit relationships—for products up to 11×9, the digits are identical; for products 11×10 and beyond, there's a specific relationship between digits based on the sandwich method. Understanding these patterns transforms the 11 times table from arbitrary facts into a logical, interconnected system.
Q: How can I practice the 11 times table at home?
A: Use our comprehensive 5-step plan, then supplement with these pattern-focused activities: (1) Repeating digits drill—practice writing numbers twice for 1-9 (2 becomes 22, 7 becomes 77) until automatic. (2) Sandwich method practice—take random two-digit numbers, add their digits, and practice placing the sum between them. (3) Multiply-by-10-and-add exercises—for each fact, calculate ×10 first, then add the number (11×8: 80+8=88). (4) Connect to 10s table—if they know 10×6=60, show that 11×6 is just 60+6=66. (5) Pattern exploration—have students discover and explain WHY the patterns work (distributive property). (6) Flashcards in random order—ensure true mastery beyond sequential counting. (7) Real-world applications—calculate with sports teams (11 players), groups of 11 objects, or time contexts. (8) Challenge problems—try the sandwich method with larger two-digit numbers, including those requiring carrying. Practice 10-15 minutes daily with emphasis on understanding multiple strategies, not just memorization. Make it engaging by treating the patterns as mathematical "magic tricks"!
Q: When should children learn the 11 times table?
A: Children typically learn the 11 times table in Year 4 or Year 5 (ages 8-10 in the UK) or 3rd-4th grade (ages 8-10 in the US), after mastering easier tables including 1s, 2s, 3s, 4s, 5s, 6s, 7s, 8s, 9s, and 10s. The 11 times table is usually taught near the end of the times table sequence (often just before or alongside the 12 times table) because it requires understanding of place value, the distributive property, and mental calculation strategies. Educational frameworks like the UK National Curriculum expect students to know all times tables up to 12×12 by the end of Year 4, with 11 and 12 typically being the final tables learned. Children are ready for the 11 times table when they: understand place value deeply, have mastered the 10 times table thoroughly (since 11s build directly on 10s), can perform mental addition quickly (for the sandwich method), and grasp the concept of patterns in mathematics. The key prerequisite is fluency with the 10 times table—when children can quickly recall 10× facts, they're ready to add one more group and learn the 11s.
💡 Tips for Success
✓ Master Repeating Digits
For 1-9, the answer is the digit written twice! 11×3=33, 11×6=66, 11×9=99. Practice until this becomes instant—it's the easiest pattern of all!
✓ Learn the Sandwich Method
Add the two digits and place between them! 11×15: 1+5=6, sandwich to get 165. 11×23: 2+3=5, get 253. Practice this clever trick!
✓ Use Multiply by 10 & Add
Since 11=10+1, multiply by 10 then add the number! For 11×8: 80+8=88. This reliable method works for ANY number and explains why patterns work!
✓ Build on 10s Table
11× is just 10× plus the number! If 10×7=70, then 11×7=77 (add 7 once). This connection makes learning fast and shows how tables relate!
✓ Understand Why It Works
Learn that 11=10+1, so 11×N = 10×N + N. This distributive property explains all tricks! Understanding "why" creates lasting mastery beyond memorization!
✓ Practice Multiple Strategies
Use repeating digits for 1-9, sandwich for two digits, or multiply-and-add for any number. Having multiple approaches builds flexibility and confidence!
About the Author
Adam
Co-Founder at RevisionTown
Math Expert specializing in various international curricula including IB (International Baccalaureate), AP (Advanced Placement), GCSE, IGCSE, and standardized test preparation. Dedicated to creating engaging, interactive learning tools that help students master mathematics through proven educational methods. Passionate about making times tables fun and accessible for learners of all ages through innovative teaching strategies, pattern recognition, and comprehensive practice resources.
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